Who Are IS And What Do They Want?
Updated: 10:50am UK, Sunday 14 September 2014
What Is Islamic State (IS)?
- A radical, hardline Sunni Islamist group that began life as al Qaeda in Iraq
- It fought coalition troops during the Iraq War
- Now one of the main jihadist groups fighting in Syria and controls parts of Iraq
What Does It Want?
- The group wants to form an Islamic caliphate straddling Syria and Iraq
- The state would impose Sharia law
- Amnesty International accuses the group of war crimes and serious rights abuses in Syria
Who Is In It?
- Estimates of its size vary, but a recent CIA assessment concluded it could have more than 30,000 fighters
- The bulk are thought to be foreign/Western
- The group says it has fighters from the UK, France, Germany and other European countries
Charismatic Leader
- Abu Bakr al Baghdadi is seen as a strong battlefield leader and tactician
- Thought to have been born in Samarra, Iraq, in 1971
- Was held as a US prisoner in Iraq in 2004 before being released
Relationship With Al Qaeda
- The al Nusra Front is the official al Qaeda affiliate - ordered by al Qaeda leader Ayman al Zawahiri to concentrate on Syria
- IS was told to concentrate on Iraq
- Baghdadi ignored the orders, tried to merge with Nusra, and then turned on other rebel groups
Relationship With Syrian Rebels
- The group is despised by fellow rebels because of its treatment of civilians
- In January 2014, thousands were killed when rebels combined to try to drive the group out of Syria
Military Gains
- IS took control of the Sunni city of Fallujah in January 2014
- Has taken a host of towns in Syria
- The control of large sections of northern Iraq has ebbed and flowed as IS have fought Iraqi forces and the Kurdish peshmerga
Name Change
- After embedding in northern Iraq as the Islamic State of Iraq and Syria (ISIS) it changed its name to Islamic State (IS)
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